html
{ height: 100%;}

*
{ margin: 0;
  padding: 0;}

body
{ font: normal 85% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  background: #0b1f34 url(../images/background.jpg) no-repeat center center fixed;
  background-size: cover;
  color: #000;
}

p
{ padding: 0 0 10px 0;
  color: #FFF;
  line-height: 1.7em;
  font-size: 100% }

img
{ border: 0;}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 
{ font: normal 175% "Times New Roman", Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #FFF;
  text-shadow: 1px 1px #1D1D1D;
  letter-spacing: -1px;
  margin: 0 0 10px 0;}

h2
{ font: normal 165% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;}

h3
{ font: normal 130% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}

h4, h5, h6
{ margin: 0;
  padding: 0 0 0px 0;
  font: normal 150% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.5em;}

h5, h6
{ font: normal 95% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #888;
  padding-bottom: 15px;}

a
{ color: #FFF;
  font-weight: bold;
  background: transparent;
  outline: none;
  text-decoration: underline;}

a:hover
{ text-decoration: none;}

ul
{ margin: 2px 0 22px 30px;
  line-height: 1.7em;
  font-style: normal;
  font-size: 100%;}

ol
{ margin: 8px 0 22px 20px;}

ol li
{ margin: 0 0 11px 0;}

#main, #header, #banner, #menubar, #site_content, #footer, #content_bottom
{ margin-left: auto; 
  margin-right: auto;}

#main
{ background: transparent;}
  
#header
{ width: 960px;
  height: 160px;
  background: transparent;}

#banner
{ width: 960px;
  position: relative;
  height: 70px;
  padding: 15px 0 0 0;
  background: transparent;}

#menubar
{ width: 960px;
  height: 50px;
  text-align: center; 
  margin: 0 auto;
  background: #0043A8;
  background: -moz-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  background: -o-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  border-radius: 15px 15px 0px 0px;
  -moz-border-radius: 15px 15px 0px 0px;
  -webkit-border: 15px 15px 0px 0px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  } 
  
#welcome
{ width: 960px;
  float: left;
  height: 60px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-left: 20px;
  background: transparent;} 
  
#welcome_slogan
{ width: 960px;
  float: left;
  height: 60px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-left: 20px;
  background: transparent;}   
   
#welcome H1
{ font: normal 300% "Book Antiqua", Helvetica, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -3px;
  color: #FFF;
  text-shadow: 1px 1px #1D1D1D;}

#welcome_slogan H1
{ font: normal 200% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -2px;
  color: #FFF;
  text-shadow: 1px 1px #1D1D1D;}  
  
ul#menu
{ margin:0;
  margin: 0 0 0 20px;}

ul#menu li
{ padding: 0 0 0 0px;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 2px 0 0 0;
  display: inline;
  background: transparent;}

ul#menu li a
{ float: left;
  font: bold 120% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  text-align: center;
  color: #FFF;
  text-decoration: none;
  height: 24px;
  text-shadow: 0px -1px 0px #000;
  padding: 16px 20px 10px 20px;
  background: transparent; } 
  
ul#menu li.current a
{ color: #FFF;
  background: #323232;
  text-shadow: none;}
  
ul#menu li:hover a
{ color: #FFF;
  background: #323232;
  text-shadow: none;}

#site_content
{ width: 940px;
  padding-left: 20px;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 0 auto;
  background: #323232;
  border-radius: 0px 0px 15px 15px;
  -moz-border-radius: 0px 0px 15px 15px;
  -webkit-border: 0px 0px 15px 15px;} 

.sidebar_container
{ float: left;
  margin: 10px 20px 0 0;
  width: 215px;
  padding: 0;}

.sidebar
{ float: left;
  width: 250px;
  padding: 0;
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;}

.sidebar_item
{ font: normal 100% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  width: 215px;}

.sidebar h2
{ padding: 5px 0 0 10px;
  font: normal 140% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  height: 30px;
  text-shadow: 0px -1px 0px #000;
  color: #fff;
  background: #0043A8;
  background: -moz-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  background: -o-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  border-radius: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -moz-border-radius: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -webkit-border: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;}  

#content
{ width: 680px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  float: left;}

.content_item
{ width: 680px;
  margin-top: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;}
  
.content_image
{ float: left; 
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  margin: 0 20px 10px 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}
  
.content_image_2
{ float: left; 
  width: 150px;
  height: 87px;
  margin: 0 20px 10px 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}

.content_image_3
{ float: left; 
  width: 215px;
  height: 124px;
  margin: 0 20px 10px 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}
  
  .content_image_fnal
{ float: left; 
  width: 150px;
  height: 69px;
  margin: 0 20px 10px 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}

  .content_image_ACSL
{ float: left; 
  width: 183px;
  height: 125px;
  margin: 0 20px 10px 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}

  .content_image_toolbox_logo
{ float: left; 
  width: 183px;
  height: 99px;
  margin: 0 20px 10px 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}


  .content_image_corista
{ float: left; 
  width: 150px;
  height: 102px;
  margin: 0 20px 10px 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}

  .content_image_asi
{ float: left; 
  width: 150px;
  height: 131px;
  margin: 0 20px 10px 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}

.content_container
{ width: 320px;
  padding: 5px;
  margin-right: 10px;
  float: left;}
  
#content_bottom
 { width: 960px;
  height: 160px;
  text-align: center;} 
  
#content_bottom p
 { color: #000;
  text-shadow: 1px 1px #FFF; }  

#content_bottom h4
{ color: #000;
  text-shadow: none;}
  
.content_bottom_container_box
{ width: 295px;
  padding: 5px;
  text-align: center;
  margin: 20px 0 10px 10px;
  float: left;}

.content_bottom_container_boxl
{ width: 295px;
  padding: 5px;
  text-align: center;
  margin: 20px 0 10px 10px;
  float: left;}
  
#footer
{ width: 960px;
  height: 20px;
  padding-top: 20px;
  text-align: center; 
  background: transparent;
  color: #1D1D1D;
  text-shadow: 1px 1px #FFF;}

#footer a, #footer a:hover
{ color: #1D1D1D;
  text-decoration: none;
  padding-bottom: 20px;}

#footer a:hover
{ text-decoration: underline;}
  
 .readmore
{ font: bold 110% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  height: 15px;
  margin-left: 95px;
  width: 90px;
  padding: 5px 5px 10px 7px;
  background: #fff;
  background: -moz-linear-gradient(#fff, #ccc);
  background: -o-linear-gradient(#fff, #ccc);
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#fff, #ccc);
  border-radius: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -moz-border-radius: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -webkit-border: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;}
  
 .readmore a
{ color: #1D1D1D;}
 
 .button_small
{ font: normal 110% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  height: 15px;
  width: 90px;
  padding: 5px 5px 10px 7px;
  background: #0043A8;
  background: -moz-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  background: -o-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  border-radius: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -moz-border-radius: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -webkit-border: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;}
  
.button_small a
{ color: #FFF;
  padding-left: 5px;}

.form_settings
{ margin: 15px 0 0 0;}

.form_settings p
{ padding: 0 0 4px 0;}

.form_settings span
{ float: left; 
  width: 280px; 
  text-align: left;}
  
.form_settings input, .form_settings textarea
{ padding: 2px; 
  width: 299px; 
  font: 100% arial; 
  border: 1px solid #E5E5DB; 
  background: #FFF; 
  color: #47433F;}
  
.form_settings input[type="checkbox"]
{ padding: 2px 0; 
  width: 15px; 
  font: 100% arial; 
  border: 0; 
  background: #FFF; 
  color: #47433F;
  margin: 28px 0;}

.form_settings .submit
{ font: 100% arial; 
  width: 99px; 
  margin: 0 0 0 206px; 
  height: 26px;
  padding: 2px 0 3px 0;
  cursor: pointer; 
  background: #0043A8;
  background: -moz-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  background: -o-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#43A9FF, #0043A8);
  border-radius: 7px 7px 7px 7px;
  -moz-border-radius: 7px 7px 7px 7px;
  -webkit-border: 7px 7px 7px 7px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px;
  color: #FFF;}

.slideshow {
  width: 680px;
  height: 250px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  margin-top: 20px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}
  
/* styling for the slideshow on the homepage */
ul.slideshow {
  list-style: none;
  width: 680px;
  height: 250px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  margin: 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;}
  
ul.slideshow li {
  position: absolute;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;}
 
ul.slideshow li.show {
  z-index: 500;}
 
ul img {
  border: none;}
 
#slideshow-caption {
  width: 680px;
  height: 38px;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0; 
  z-index: 500;}
 
#slideshow-caption .slideshow-caption-container {
  padding: 10px 25px 10px 25px; 
  background: transparent url(../images/transparent.png) repeat;  
  z-index: 1000;}
 
#slideshow-caption p {
  padding: 0;
  font: normal 130% arial, sans-serif;
  color: #FFF;}
 

details summary {
  color: white; /* Makes text white */
  cursor: pointer; /* Changes the mouse cursor to a pointer */
}

details summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  color: white; /* Makes arrow white in WebKit browsers (Chrome, Safari) */
}

details summary::marker {
  color: white; /* Makes arrow white in Firefox and modern browsers */
}


/* ------------------------------------------------------------
   First-pass visual refresh for the Home page.
   Goal: preserve the existing layout and markup while improving
   readability, spacing, contrast, and visual hierarchy.
   ------------------------------------------------------------ */

body.home-page {
  font: normal 90% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  background-color: #1f2933;
  color: #e8eef5;
}

body.home-page #header {
  height: 150px;
}

body.home-page #banner {
  height: 88px;
  padding-top: 20px;
}

body.home-page #welcome,
body.home-page #welcome_slogan {
  padding-left: 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body.home-page #welcome h1 {
  font: normal 285% "Book Antiqua", Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -1px;
  color: #ffffff;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.55);
}

body.home-page #welcome_slogan h1 {
  font: normal 175% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.5px;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  color: #eaf4ff;
}

body.home-page #welcome_slogan h2 {
  font: normal 112% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  color: #c9d8e8;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.55);
}

body.home-page #menubar {
  min-height: 54px;
  height: auto;
  background: #0b3a63;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f5f97, #062b4d);
  border-radius: 14px 14px 0 0;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
}

body.home-page ul#menu {
  margin-left: 12px;
}

body.home-page ul#menu li a {
  height: 22px;
  padding: 17px 13px 15px 13px;
  font: bold 105% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.1px;
  text-shadow: none;
  border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0;
  transition: background-color 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

body.home-page ul#menu li.current a,
body.home-page ul#menu li:hover a {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
  color: #ffffff;
}

body.home-page #site_content {
  background: #26313c;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #2d3945 0%, #202a34 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 45px rgba(0,0,0,0.32);
  border-radius: 0 0 14px 14px;
}

body.home-page .slideshow,
body.home-page ul.slideshow {
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

body.home-page .slideshow img {
  display: block;
}

body.home-page #content {
  margin-bottom: 26px;
}

body.home-page .content_item {
  margin-top: 24px;
}

body.home-page .content_item h1 {
  font: normal 215% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.5px;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

body.home-page p {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.78em;
  font-size: 103%;
}

body.home-page em {
  color: #ffffff;
}

body.home-page a {
  color: #d8ecff;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(216,236,255,0.55);
}

body.home-page a:hover {
  color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;
}

body.home-page .content_image_2 {
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

body.home-page .content_image_2 img {
  display: block;
}

body.home-page .content_container {
  width: 300px;
  min-height: 170px;
  padding: 16px;
  margin: 12px 14px 0 0;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.055);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.11);
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.05), 0 10px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
}

body.home-page .button_small {
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 6px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  background: #0f5f97;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1675b4, #0b3a63);
  border-radius: 999px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
}

body.home-page .button_small a {
  padding-left: 0;
  color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom: 0;
  text-decoration: none;
}

body.home-page .button_small:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2188ca, #0f4f82);
}

body.home-page .sidebar_container {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

body.home-page .sidebar {
  margin-top: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

body.home-page .sidebar_item {
  padding-bottom: 2px;
}

body.home-page .sidebar h2 {
  height: auto;
  min-height: 28px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  font: bold 120% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  background: #0b3a63;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f5f97, #062b4d);
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
}

body.home-page .sidebar h3 {
  font: bold 108% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin: 10px 0 6px 0;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-shadow: none;
}

body.home-page .sidebar p {
  color: #e5edf5;
  font-size: 95%;
  line-height: 1.58em;
}

body.home-page .content_image_3 {
  background: #ffffff;
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.22);
}

body.home-page #footer {
  color: #24313d;
  text-shadow: none;
}

body.home-page #footer a,
body.home-page #footer a:hover {
  color: #24313d;
}


/* Research Sponsors and Research Partners moved from the sidebar to the Home page. */
.home-logo-section {
  clear: both;
  margin-top: 26px;
  padding: 18px 18px 20px 18px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.055);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.11);
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.05), 0 10px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
}

.home-logo-section h2 {
  margin: 0 0 14px 0;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  font: normal 155% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

.home-logo-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
}

.home-logo-grid a {
  min-height: 82px;
  padding: 12px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.35);
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.22);
  transition: transform 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease;
}

.home-logo-grid a:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
}

.home-logo-grid img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 150px;
  max-height: 64px;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
}


/* Research page topic-based layout. */
body.research-page #content {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

body.research-page .content_item {
  margin-top: 24px;
}

body.research-page .research-intro h1,
body.research-page .research-section h2 {
  font: normal 215% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.5px;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

body.research-page .research-section h2 {
  margin-top: 2px;
}

body.research-page p {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.76em;
  font-size: 103%;
}

.research-topic-card {
  clear: both;
  margin: 20px 0 24px 0;
  padding: 18px 18px 16px 18px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.05), 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.22);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-topic-card h3 {
  font: bold 145% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  margin: 0 0 8px 0;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

.research-topic-image {
  float: right;
  width: 188px;
  margin: 2px 0 14px 18px;
  padding: 8px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  border-radius: 11px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
}

.research-topic-image img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 140px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.research-paper-list {
  clear: both;
  margin: 10px 0 0 20px;
  padding-top: 6px;
}

.research-paper-list li {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.52em;
  margin-bottom: 9px;
}

body.research-page a {
  color: #d8ecff;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(216,236,255,0.50);
}

body.research-page a:hover {
  color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;
}

body.research-page .sidebar_container {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

body.research-page .sidebar {
  margin-top: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

body.research-page .sidebar h2 {
  height: auto;
  min-height: 28px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  font: bold 120% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  background: #0b3a63;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f5f97, #062b4d);
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
}

body.research-page .sidebar h3 {
  font: bold 108% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin: 10px 0 6px 0;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-shadow: none;
}

body.research-page .sidebar p {
  color: #e5edf5;
  font-size: 95%;
  line-height: 1.58em;
}

body.research-page #footer {
  color: #24313d;
  text-shadow: none;
}

body.research-page #footer a,
body.research-page #footer a:hover {
  color: #24313d;
}

.research-paper-heading {
  margin: 12px 0 4px 0;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 102%;
  letter-spacing: 0.2px;
}


/* Stable two-column layout fix.
   The sidebar remains in the left column; slideshow and content are explicitly
   placed in the right column instead of relying on browser float wrapping. */
#main {
  width: 960px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

#site_content {
  width: 940px;
  padding-left: 20px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.sidebar_container {
  float: left;
  width: 215px;
  margin: 10px 20px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.slideshow {
  margin-left: 235px;
}

#content {
  float: none;
  width: 680px;
  margin-left: 235px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}


/* Research page card positioning fix.
   Prevent topic cards from clearing the floated sidebar. */
body.research-page .research-topic-card {
  clear: none;
}


/* ACSL page redesign. */
body.acsl-page #content {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

body.acsl-page .content_item {
  margin-top: 24px;
}

body.acsl-page h1,
body.acsl-page .acsl-section h2 {
  font: normal 215% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.5px;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

body.acsl-page p {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.72em;
  font-size: 103%;
}

body.acsl-page a {
  color: #d8ecff;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(216,236,255,0.50);
}

body.acsl-page a:hover {
  color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;
}

.acsl-hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.acsl-hero-logo {
  float: right;
  width: 150px;
  margin: 0 0 14px 18px;
  padding: 10px;
  background: #ffffff;
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
}

.acsl-hero-logo img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.acsl-lead {
  font-size: 108%;
}

.acsl-mission-grid {
  clear: both;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 13px;
  margin-top: 16px;
}

.acsl-mission-card,
.student-group,
.legacy-code-panel,
.acsl-details,
.software-feature-card {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.05), 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.22);
}

.acsl-mission-card {
  padding: 14px 14px 10px 14px;
}

.acsl-mission-card h3,
.student-group h3,
.legacy-code-panel h3,
.software-feature-card h3 {
  font: bold 130% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  margin: 0 0 8px 0;
  text-shadow: none;
}

.software-feature-card {
  clear: none;
  margin: 18px 0 20px 0;
  padding: 18px;
  min-height: 170px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.software-feature-card.primary-software {
  border-color: rgba(95,190,255,0.35);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(22,117,180,0.22), rgba(255,255,255,0.055));
}

.software-feature-image {
  float: right;
  width: 205px;
  margin: 2px 0 14px 18px;
  padding: 8px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  border-radius: 11px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
}

.software-feature-image img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 145px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.software-button-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.software-button {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 9px 13px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1675b4, #0b3a63);
  color: #ffffff !important;
  border-bottom: 0 !important;
  border-radius: 999px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
  font-weight: bold;
}

.software-button.secondary {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2d3945, #202a34);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16) !important;
}

.legacy-code-panel {
  padding: 16px 18px;
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.legacy-code-list {
  margin: 8px 0 0 18px;
}

.legacy-code-list li,
.student-list li,
.alumni-list li {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.55em;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.student-group {
  padding: 16px 18px;
  margin: 18px 0;
}

.student-note {
  font-size: 94% !important;
  color: #cdd8e4 !important;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.student-list {
  margin: 8px 0 0 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.student-list li {
  padding: 10px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
}

.student-list li:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.student-list strong {
  display: block;
  color: #ffffff;
}

.student-list span {
  color: #d9e6f2;
}

.student-list.compact strong {
  display: inline;
}

.acsl-details {
  padding: 14px 18px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.acsl-details summary {
  cursor: pointer;
  color: #ffffff;
  font: bold 126% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.alumni-list {
  margin: 10px 0 0 20px;
}

body.acsl-page .sidebar_container {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

body.acsl-page .sidebar {
  margin-top: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

body.acsl-page .sidebar h2 {
  height: auto;
  min-height: 28px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  font: bold 120% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  background: #0b3a63;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f5f97, #062b4d);
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
}

body.acsl-page .sidebar h3 {
  font: bold 108% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin: 10px 0 6px 0;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-shadow: none;
}

body.acsl-page .sidebar p {
  color: #e5edf5;
  font-size: 95%;
  line-height: 1.58em;
}

body.acsl-page #footer {
  color: #24313d;
  text-shadow: none;
}

body.acsl-page #footer a,
body.acsl-page #footer a:hover {
  color: #24313d;
}

/* Keep ACSL topic cards from clearing the sidebar. */
body.acsl-page .software-feature-card,
body.acsl-page .student-group,
body.acsl-page .acsl-details {
  clear: none;
}


/* ACSL collaborators section. */
.collaborator-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 14px 0 0 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.collaborator-list li {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 12px 14px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
  color: #edf3f8;
}

.collaborator-list a {
  display: block;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-weight: bold;
  border-bottom: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.collaborator-list a:hover {
  color: #d8ecff;
}

.collaborator-list span {
  color: #d9e6f2;
  font-size: 95%;
}


/* Publications page expandable sections. */
body.publications-page .publication-section {
  margin: 18px 0 22px 0;
  padding: 0;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.055);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.13);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.22);
  overflow: hidden;
}

body.publications-page .publication-section summary {
  display: block;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font: bold 145% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f5f97, #062b4d);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  list-style: none;
}

body.publications-page .publication-section summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  display: none;
}

body.publications-page .publication-section summary:before {
  content: "+";
  display: inline-block;
  width: 24px;
  height: 24px;
  margin-right: 10px;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 22px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-weight: bold;
}

body.publications-page .publication-section[open] summary:before {
  content: "–";
}

body.publications-page .publication-section ol,
body.publications-page .publication-section ul,
body.publications-page .publication-section > font,
body.publications-page .publication-section > p {
  margin-left: 18px;
  margin-right: 18px;
}

body.publications-page .publication-section ol {
  padding-top: 12px;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
}

body.publications-page .publication-section li {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.55em;
}

body.publications-page .publication-links,
body.publications-page .publication-section li p {
  font-size: 94%;
}


/* Teaching page redesign */
body.teaching-page #content {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

body.teaching-page .content_item {
  margin-top: 22px;
}

body.teaching-page h1,
body.teaching-page .teaching-section h2 {
  font: normal 220% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.4px;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.34);
}

body.teaching-page p {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.72em;
  font-size: 102%;
}

body.teaching-page a {
  color: #d8ecff;
}

.teaching-overview,
.teaching-course-card {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.055);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.05), 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.22);
}

.teaching-overview {
  padding: 18px 20px;
}

.teaching-lead {
  font-size: 108% !important;
}

.teaching-section-intro {
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  color: #d7e6f2 !important;
}

.teaching-course-card {
  clear: none;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 16px 18px 14px 18px;
  margin: 18px 0 20px 0;
}

.teaching-course-card h3 {
  font: bold 150% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  margin: 0 0 5px 0;
  text-shadow: none;
}

.teaching-course-code {
  color: #95d1ff !important;
  font: bold 103% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.teaching-course-figure {
  float: right;
  width: 265px;
  margin: 2px 0 10px 18px;
  padding: 8px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
}

.teaching-course-figure img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

body.teaching-page .slideshow img {
  object-fit: cover;
}



/* Community service page visual refresh */
body.community-page #content {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

body.community-page .content_item {
  margin-top: 22px;
}

body.community-page .content_item > center h1 {
  display: block;
  margin: 26px 0 16px 0;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font: normal 220% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.35px;
  text-align: left;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(15,95,151,0.92), rgba(6,43,77,0.92));
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.26), inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

body.community-page .content_item > center:first-child h1 {
  margin-top: 0;
}

body.community-page .content_item h3 {
  clear: both;
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 18px 0 8px 0;
  padding: 8px 13px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font: bold 125% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.1px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.085);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
  border-radius: 999px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.20);
  text-shadow: none;
}

body.community-page .content_item ul {
  margin: 8px 0 16px 0;
  padding: 14px 18px 12px 34px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.055);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.05), 0 10px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.20);
}

body.community-page .content_item ul ul {
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
  border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  box-shadow: none;
}

body.community-page .content_item li {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.62em;
  margin-bottom: 7px;
}

body.community-page .content_item li:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

body.community-page .content_item em {
  color: #ffffff;
  font-style: italic;
}

body.community-page .content_item a {
  color: #d8ecff;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(216,236,255,0.48);
}

body.community-page .content_item a:hover {
  color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;
}

body.community-page .slideshow img {
  object-fit: cover;
}


/* Community service page second pass: cleaner hierarchy and grouped lists */
body.community-page .community-content {
  background: transparent;
}

body.community-page .community-section-title {
  display: block;
  margin: 30px 0 16px 0;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font: normal 220% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.35px;
  text-align: left;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(15,95,151,0.92), rgba(6,43,77,0.92));
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.26), inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

body.community-page .community-section-title:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

body.community-page .community-content h3 {
  clear: both;
  display: block;
  margin: 18px 0 0 0;
  padding: 8px 13px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font: bold 125% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.1px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.085);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
  border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
  text-shadow: none;
}

body.community-page .community-content h3 + ul {
  margin-top: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
}

body.community-page .community-content ul {
  margin: 8px 0 16px 0;
  padding: 14px 18px 12px 34px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.055);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.05), 0 10px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.20);
}

body.community-page .community-content ul ul {
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
  border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  box-shadow: none;
}

body.community-page .community-content li {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.62em;
  margin-bottom: 7px;
}

body.community-page .community-content li:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}


/* Community service page alignment fix:
   keep subsection headings in the right content column instead of clearing the sidebar. */
body.community-page .community-content h3 {
  clear: none;
}


/* Site-wide header typography standardization:
   keep the name, title, and affiliate block visually identical on every page. */
#header #welcome h1 {
  font: normal 300% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  letter-spacing: -1px;
  text-shadow: 0 3px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.48);
}

#header #welcome_slogan h1 {
  font: normal 150% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  line-height: 1.22em;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.42);
}

#header #welcome_slogan h2 {
  font: normal 118% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #d8e6f0;
  margin: 4px 0 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  line-height: 1.24em;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.42);
}


/* Top banner line cleanup:
   prevent page-specific h1/h2 rules from adding white borders or separators
   inside the shared name/title banner. */
#header #welcome,
#header #welcome_slogan,
#header #welcome h1,
#header #welcome_slogan h1,
#header #welcome_slogan h2,
#banner #welcome,
#banner #welcome_slogan,
#banner #welcome h1,
#banner #welcome_slogan h1,
#banner #welcome_slogan h2 {
  border: 0 !important;
  border-top: 0 !important;
  border-right: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 0 !important;
  border-left: 0 !important;
  box-shadow: none;
  text-decoration: none;
  background-image: none;
}


/* Awards and industrial experience page refresh */
body.awards-page #content {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

body.awards-page .content_item {
  margin-top: 22px;
}

body.awards-page .awards-section-title {
  display: block;
  margin: 30px 0 16px 0;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font: normal 220% Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.35px;
  text-align: left;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(15,95,151,0.92), rgba(6,43,77,0.92));
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.26), inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

body.awards-page .awards-section-title:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

body.awards-page .awards-subsection-title {
  display: block;
  margin: 20px 0 12px 0;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font: bold 155% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.085);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 9px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.20);
  text-shadow: none;
  clear: none;
}

body.awards-page p,
body.awards-page li {
  color: #edf3f8;
  line-height: 1.62em;
  font-size: 101%;
}

body.awards-page a {
  color: #d8ecff;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(216,236,255,0.48);
}

body.awards-page a:hover {
  color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;
}

.funding-award-card,
.experience-card,
.personal-awards-list {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.055);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border-radius: 13px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.05), 0 10px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.20);
}

.funding-award-card {
  padding: 15px 18px 12px 18px;
  margin: 14px 0 16px 0;
}

.funding-award-card h3,
.experience-card h3 {
  font: bold 130% "Segoe UI", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin: 0 0 8px 0;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-shadow: none;
}

.award-investigators {
  color: #95d1ff !important;
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.personal-awards-list {
  margin: 8px 0 22px 0;
  padding: 16px 22px 14px 36px;
}

.personal-awards-list li {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.experience-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 16px 18px 12px 18px;
  margin: 16px 0 18px 0;
}

.experience-logo {
  float: right;
  width: 150px;
  min-height: 75px;
  margin: 2px 0 12px 18px;
  padding: 10px;
  background: #ffffff;
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
  text-align: center;
}

.experience-logo img {
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 84px;
  height: auto;
  width: auto;
  vertical-align: middle;
  border: 0;
}

body.awards-page .slideshow img {
  object-fit: cover;
}


/* Home page sponsor alignment fix:
   keep sponsor and partner sections in the right content column instead of clearing the sidebar. */
body.home-page .home-logo-section {
  clear: none;
}


/* Home page async-sidebar float guard:
   keep clears inside the right column from interacting with the left sidebar. */
body.home-page #content {
  overflow: hidden;
}